Sipos, György and Prasanna, Arun N. and Walter, Mathias C. and Krizsán, Krisztina and Kiss, Brigitta and Hess, Jaqueline and Varga, Torda and Slot, Jason and Riley, Robert and Bóka, Bettina and Rigling, Daniel and Barry, Kerrie and Lee, Juna and Mihaltcheva, Sirma and LaButti, Kurt and Lipzen, Anna and Waldron, Rose and Moloney, Nicola M. and Sperisen, Christoph and Kredics, László and Vágvölgyi, Csaba and Patrignani, Andrea and Fitzpatrick, David A. and Nagy, István and Doyle, Sean and Anderson, James B. and Grigoriev, Igor V. and Münsterkötter, Martin and Nagy, László (2017) Genome expansion and lineage-specific genetic innovations in the forest pathogenic fungi Armillaria. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1. pp. 1931-1941. ISSN 2397-334X

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Abstract

Armillaria species are both devastating forest pathogens and some of the largest terrestrial organisms on Earth. They forage for hosts and achieve immense colony sizes via rhizomorphs, root-like multicellular structures of clonal dispersal. Here, we sequenced and analysed the genomes of four Armillaria species and performed RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomic analysis on the invasive and reproductive developmental stages of A. ostoyae. Comparison with 22 related fungi revealed a significant genome expansion in Armillaria, affecting several pathogenicity-related genes, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes and lineage-specific genes expressed during rhizomorph development. Rhizomorphs express an evolutionarily young transcriptome that shares features with the transcriptomes of both fruiting bodies and vegetative mycelia. Several genes show concomitant upregulation in rhizomorphs and fruiting bodies and share cis-regulatory signatures in their promoters, providing genetic and regulatory insights into complex multicellularity in fungi. Our results suggest that the evolution of the unique dispersal and pathogenicity mechanisms of Armillaria might have drawn upon ancestral genetic toolkits for wood-decay, morphogenesis and complex multicellularity.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0469-7. Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Keywords:	Genome expansion; lineage-specific genetic innovations; forest pathogenic fungi; Armillaria;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology
Item ID:	11058
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-017-0347-8
Depositing User:	David Fitzpatrick
Date Deposited:	18 Sep 2019 16:17
Journal or Publication Title:	Nature Ecology & Evolution
Publisher:	Nature Research
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	https://www.nature.com
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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