Tuberculosis remained a very significant cause of death in Ireland until the mid-20th century and still occupies a prominent position in the folk memory. As I show with reference to recent Irish media coverage, the global resurgence of tuberculosis is therefore viewed with concern in Ireland. Using data collated by the Health Protection Surveillance Centre between 1998 and 2005 however, I show that the recent increase in tuberculosis incidence in Ireland is less than is popularly perceived. This increase is largely associated with economic immigrants attracted to Ireland by the ‘Celtic Tiger’ economic boom, but there is little evidence to suggest that this has had a negative impact on the Irish-born population. Drug resistance is still a small but growing problem. Whilst vigilance is required, it is argued that the recent increase does not at present indicate a likely return to the situation in the mid-20th century.