Healy, Bronach and Rizzuto, Francesco and de Rose, Marida and Yu, Tian and Breslin, Carmel B. (2021) Electrochemical determination of acetaminophen at a carbon electrode modified in the presence of β‑cyclodextrin: role of the activated glassy carbon and the electropolymerised β‑cyclodextrin. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 25. pp. 2599-2609. ISSN 1433-0768

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Abstract

Acetaminophen is a well-known drug commonly used to provide pain relief, but it can also lead to acute liver failure at high concentrations. Therefore, there is considerable interest in monitoring its concentrations. Sensitive and selective acetaminophen electrochemical sensors were designed by cycling a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to high potentials in the presence of β-CD in a phosphate electrolyte, or by simply activating the GCE electrode in the phosphate solution. Using cyclic voltammetry, adsorption-like voltammograms were recorded. The acetaminophen oxidation product, N-acetyl benzoquinone imine, was protected from hydrolysis, and this was attributed to the adsorption of acetaminophen at the modified GCE. The rate constants for the oxidation of acetaminophen were estimated as 4.3 × 10–3 cm2 s–1 and 3.4 × 10–3 cm2 s–1 for the β-CD-modified and -activated electrodes, respectively. Using differential pulse voltammetry, the limit of detection was calculated as 9.7 × 10–8 M with a linear concentration range extending from 0.1 to 80 μM. Furthermore, good selectivity was achieved in the presence of caffeine, ascorbic acid and aspirin, enabling the determination of acetaminophen in a commercial tablet. Similar electrochemical data were obtained for both the β-CD-modified and activated GCE surfaces, suggesting that the enhanced detection of acetaminophen is connected mainly to the activation and oxidation of the GCE. Using SEM, EDX and FTIR, no evidence was obtained to indicate that the β-CD was electropolymerised at the GCE.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Funding: Open Access funding provided by the IReL Consortium. The authors wish to acknowledge support from the Erasmus+Mobility Consortium, Calabria 2020 Plus, Rif. 2018–1-IT02-KA103-047660 and the Irish Research Council, award number GOIPG/2020/657.Cite as: Healy, B., Rizzuto, F., de Rose, M. et al. Electrochemical determination of acetaminophen at a carbon electrode modified in the presence of β-cyclodextrin: role of the activated glassy carbon and the electropolymerised β-cyclodextrin. J Solid State Electrochem 25, 2599–2609 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-021-05044-3
Keywords:	Acetaminophen; Electrochemical sensor; β-cyclodextrin; Glassy carbon activation; Electropolymerisation; Cafeine; Ascorbic acid;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Chemistry
Item ID:	15101
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-021-05044-3
Depositing User:	Dr. Carmel Breslin
Date Deposited:	07 Dec 2021 16:39
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry
Publisher:	Springer
Refereed:	Yes
Funders:	IReL Consortium, Erasmus+Mobility Consortium, Irish Research Council (IRC)
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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