Singh, Baljit and Flampouri, Evangelia and Dempsey, Eithne (2019) Electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (e-ELISA) for parasitic nematode Ostertagia ostertagi (brown stomach worm) infections in dairy cattle. The Analyst, 144 (19). pp. 5748-5754. ISSN 0003-2654

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Abstract

A sensitive electrochemical immunoassay (e-ELISA) has been developed for the detection of the gastrointestinal parasitic nematode Ostertagia ostertagi (brown stomach worm) in infected and control serum samples. An antigen-indirect immunoassay format was employed to detect the presence of O. ostertagi antibodies, coupled with an anti-species monoclonal horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate. ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) and TMB (3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine/hydrogen peroxide) were investigated as both chromogenic visualising reagents for optical ELISA and electroactive substrates for electrochemical ELISA in the HRP catalysed oxidation reaction. Coulometry was applied for the detection of O. ostertagi antibodies (via TMB electrochemistry) and compared with the commercial optical ELISA (ABTS based SVANOVIR® O. ostertagi-Ab ELISA kit). Cost-effective in-house sensors were designed and fabricated using polyester and chemical adhesive materials with the aid of stencil printing and laser machining techniques. The performance of the electrochemical ELISA and sensor was evaluated by investigating redox mediators (ABTS vs. TMB), stop solutions (sodium dodecyl sulfate vs. sulfuric acid) and incubation times (150 min vs. 70 min vs. 25 min). For a total assay incubation time of 70 minutes, the TMB/H2SO4 based e-ELISA was able to differentiate between positive (P) and negative (N) control serum samples, with a P/N70 control ratio 1.6 times higher than that of optical ELISA (TMB/H2SO4 combination) and 2.9 times higher than that of the commercial ELISA kit (ABTS/SDS combination). Furthermore, the e-ELISA approach is quicker and required only 25 min (total incubation time) with even better response (P/N25 = 14.7), which is approximately 4-fold higher than the optical immunoassay (P/N25 = 3.8). The proposed e-ELISA is specific (selective Ab–Ag interactions) and highly sensitive – capable of detecting up to 16-fold dilutions of a positive control serum sample. The electrochemical ELISA approach has the potential for rapid sample screening in a portable, disposable format, contributing to the quest for effective prevention and control of parasitic Ostertagia ostertagi infections in cattle.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Electrochemical; enzyme-linked; immunosorbent; assay; parasitic nematode; Ostertagia ostertagi; infections; dairy cattle;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Chemistry
Item ID:	16156
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1039/C9AN00982E
Depositing User:	Eithne Dempsey
Date Deposited:	21 Jun 2022 09:25
Journal or Publication Title:	The Analyst
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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