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    Multiscale spatially varying coefficient modelling using a Geographical Gaussian Process GAM


    Comber, Alexis, Harris, Paul and Brunsdon, Chris (2024) Multiscale spatially varying coefficient modelling using a Geographical Gaussian Process GAM. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 38 (1). pp. 27-47. ISSN 1365-8816

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    Abstract

    This paper proposes a novel spatially varying coefficient (SVC) regression through a Geographical Gaussian Process GAM (GGP-GAM): a Generalized Additive Model (GAM) with Gaussian Process (GP) splines parameterised at observation locations. A GGP-GAM was applied to multiple simulated coefficient datasets exhibiting varying degrees of spatial heterogeneity and out-performed the SVC brand-leader, Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR), under a range of fit metrics. Both were then applied to a Brexit case study and compared, with MGWR marginally out-performing GGP-GAM. The theoretical frameworks and implementation of both approaches are discussed: GWR models calibrate multiple models whereas GAMs provide a full single model; GAMs can automatically penalise local collinearity; GWR-based approaches are computationally more demanding; MGWR is still only for Gaussian responses; MGWR bandwidths are intuitive indicators of spatial heterogeneity. GGP-GAM calibration and tuning are also discussed and areas of future work are identified, including the creation of a user-friendly package to support model creation and coefficient mapping, and to facilitate ease of comparison with alternate SVC models. A final observation that GGP-GAMs have the potential to overcome some of the long-standing reservations about GWR-based regression methods and to elevate the perception of SVCs amongst the broader community.
    Item Type: Article
    Keywords: Spatial regression; GWR;
    Academic Unit: Faculty of Social Sciences > Geography
    Item ID: 18726
    Identification Number: 10.1080/13658816.2023.2270285
    Depositing User: Prof. Chris Brunsdon
    Date Deposited: 11 Jul 2024 13:21
    Journal or Publication Title: International Journal of Geographical Information Science
    Publisher: Taylor & Francis
    Refereed: Yes
    Related URLs:
    URI: https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/18726
    Use Licence: This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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