Masi, S. and Battistelli, E.S. and de Bernardis, P. and Chapron, C. and Columbro, F. and Coppolecchia, A. and D'Alessandro, G. and De Petris, M. and Grandsire, L. and Hamilton, J.-Ch. and Lamagna, L. and Marnieros, S. and May, A. and Mele, L. and Mennella, A. and O'Sullivan, Créidhe and Paiella, A. and Piacentini, F. and Piat, M. and Piccirillo, L. and Presta, G. and Schillaci, A. and Tartari, A. and Thermeau, J.-P. and Torchinsky, S.A. and Voisin, F. and Zannoni, M. and Ade, P. and Alberro, J.G. and Almela, A. and Amico, G. and Arnaldi, L.H. and Auguste, D. and Aumont, J. and Azzoni, S. and Banfi, S. and Baù, A. and Bélier, B. and Bennett, D. and Bergé, L. and Bernard, J.-Ph. and Bersanelli, M. and Bigot-Sazy, M.-A. and Bonaparte, J. and Bonis, J. and Bunn, E. and Burke, D. and Buzi, D. and Cavaliere, F. and Chanial, P. and Charlassier, R. and Cobos Cerutti, A.C. and De Gasperis, G. and De Leo, M. and Dheilly, S. and Duca, C. and Dumoulin, L. and Etchegoyen, A. and Fasciszewski, A. and Ferreyro, L.P. and Fracchia, D. and Franceschet, C. and Gamboa Lerena, M.M. and Ganga, K.M. and García, B. and García Redondo, M.E. and Gaspard, M. and Gayer, D. and Gervasi, M. and Giard, M. and Gilles, V. and Giraud-Heraud, Y. and Gómez Berisso, M. and González, M. and Gradziel, M. and Hampel, M.R. and Harari, D. and Henrot-Versillé, S. and Incardona, F. and Jules, E. and Kaplan, J. and Kristukat, C. and Loucatos, S. and Louis, T. and Maffei, B. and Marty, W. and Mattei, A. and McCulloch, M. and Melo, D. and Montier, L. and Mousset, L. and Mundo, L.M. and Murphy, J.A. and Murphy, J.D. and Nati, F. and Olivieri, E. and Oriol, C. and Pajot, F. and Passerini, A. and Pastoriza, H. and Pelosi, A. and Perbost, C. and Perciballi, M. and Pezzotta, F. and Pisano, G. and Platino, M. and Polenta, G. and Prêle, D. and Puddu, R. and Rambaud, D. and Rasztocky, E. and Ringegni, P. and Romero, G.E. and Salum, J.M. and Scóccola, C.G. and Scully, S. and Spinelli, S. and Stankowiak, G. and Stolpovskiy, M. and Supanitsky, A.D. and Timbie, P. and Tomasi, M. and Tucker, C. and Tucker, G. and Viganò, D. and Vittorio, N. and Wicek, F. and Wright, M. and Zullo, A. (2022) QUBIC V: Cryogenic system design and performance. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 04 (038). pp. 1-33. ISSN 1475-7516

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Abstract

Current experiments aimed at measuring the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) use cryogenic detector arrays with cold optical systems to boost their mapping speed. For this reason, large volume cryogenic systems with large optical windows, working continuously for years, are needed. The cryogenic system of the QUBIC (Q & U Bolometric Interferometer for Cosmology) experiment solves a combination of simultaneous requirements: very large optical throughput (∼40 cm2sr), large volume (∼1 m3) and large mass (∼165 kg) of the cryogenic instrument. Here we describe its design, fabrication, experimental optimization and validation in the Technological Demonstrator configuration. The QUBIC cryogenic system is based on a large volume cryostat that uses two pulse-tube refrigerators to cool the instrument to ∼3 K. The instrument includes the cryogenic polarization modulator, the corrugated feedhorn array, and the lower temperature stages: a 4He evaporator cooling the interferometer beam combiner to ∼1 K and a 3He evaporator cooling the focal-plane detector arrays to ∼0.3 K. The cryogenic system has been tested and validated for more than 6 months of continuous operation. The detector arrays have reached a stable operating temperature of 0.33 K, while the polarization modulator has operated at a ∼10 K base temperature. The system has been tilted to cover the boresight elevation range 20°-90° without significant temperature variations. The instrument is now ready for deployment to the high Argentinean Andes.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	CMBR detectors; CMBR experiments; CMBR polarisation; gravitational waves; CMBR polarization;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Experimental Physics
Item ID:	18828
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/04/038
Depositing User:	Dr. Créidhe O'Sullivan
Date Deposited:	03 Sep 2024 16:02
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Publisher:	IOP Publishing
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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