O’Kane, Sean and McCarthy, Tim and Fealy, Rowan and Kratzer, Susanne (2024) A Validation of OLCI Sentinel-3 Water Products in the Baltic Sea and an Evaluation of the Effect of System Vicarious Calibration (SVC) on the Level-2 Water Products. Remote Sensing, 16 (21). p. 3932. ISSN 2072-4292

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Abstract

The monitoring of coastal waters using satellite data, from sensors such as Sentinel-3 OLCI, has become a vital tool in the management of these water environments, especially when it comes to improving our understanding of the effects of climate change on these regions. In this study, the latest Level-2 water products derived from different OLCI Sentinel-3 processors were validated against a comprehensive in situ dataset from the NW Baltic Sea proper region through a matchup analysis. The products validated were those of the regionally adapted Case-2 Regional Coast Colour (C2RCC) OLCI processor (v1.0 and v2.1), as well as the latest standard Level-2 OLCI Case-2 (neural network) products from Sentinel-3’s processing baseline, listed as follows: Baseline Collection 003 (BC003), including “CHL_NN”, “TSM_NN”, and “ADG443_NN”. These products have not yet been validated to such an extent in the region. Furthermore, the effect of the current EUMETSAT system vicarious calibration (SVC) on the Level-2 water products was also validated. The results showed that the system vicarious calibration (SVC) reduces the reliability of the Level-2 OLCI products. For example,the application of these SVC gains to the OLCI data for the regionally adapted v2.1 C2RCC products resulted in RMSD increases of 36% for “conc_tsm”; 118% for “conc_chl”; 33% for “iop_agelb”; 50% for “iop_adg”; and 10% for “kd_z90max” using a ±3 h validation window. This is the first time the effects of these SVC gains on the Level-2 OLCI water products has been isolated and quantified in the study region. The findings indicate that the current EUMETSAT SVC gains should be applied and interpreted with caution in the region of study at present. A key outcome of the paper recommends the development of a regionally specific SVC against AERONET-OC data in order to improve the Level-2 water product retrieval in the region. The results of this study are important for end users and the water authorities making use of the satellite water products in the Baltic Sea region.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This publication has emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland under the Investigators Programme Grant Number 16/IA/4520. This research was also funded through the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA) (Grant Dnr. 2021- 00064) and the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management (SwAM; grant number 3376-23).
Keywords:	OLCI; Sentinel-3; C2RCC; system vicarious calibration (SVC); Baltic Sea; coloured dissolved; organic matter (CDOM); Chlorophyll-a; total suspended matter (TSM)
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > National Centre for Geocomputation, NCG Faculty of Social Sciences > Geography Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Institutes > Irish Climate Analysis and Research Units, ICARUS
Item ID:	19188
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16213932
Depositing User:	Tim McCarthy
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2024 09:52
Journal or Publication Title:	Remote Sensing
Publisher:	MDPI
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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