Brunsdon, Chris and Corcoran, Jon
(2006)
Using circular statistics to analyse time patterns
in crime incidence.
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 30 (3).
pp. 300-319.
ISSN 0198-9715
Abstract
A set of techniques referred to as
circular statistics
has been developed for the analysis of direc-
tional and orientational data. The unit of measure for such data is angular (usually in either degrees
or radians), and the statistical distributions underlying the techniques are characterised by their cyc-
lic nature—for example, angles of 359.9
�
are considered close to angles of 0
�
. In this paper, we assert
that such approaches can be easily adapted to analyse time-of-day and time-of-week data, and in
particular daily cycles in the numbers of incidents reported to the police. We begin the paper by
describing circular statistics. We then discuss how these may be modified, and demonstrate the
approach with some examples for reported incidents in the Cardiff area of Wales.
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