Superdiversity, as a concept, has assisted researchers to reveal heretofore hidden phenomena in society and to illuminate the nuanced subjectivity of migrant flows and the multidimensionality of migratory experiences. This article argues that the core tenets of superdiversity theory can help address epistemological questions in relation to issues beyond the parameters of migration studies. The topic of mental illness is used as an example through which to contemplate or ‘imagine’ the potential of superdiversity theory to assist researchers to break through limiting perspectives and to engage in innovative enquiry. Drawing on Mills’ call for sociological curiosity, this article proposes that a superdiversity lens can be used to think imaginatively in research on mental illness and potentially many other topics. Superdiversity theory has been influential in shaping new ways of understanding migration and population diversity but the question addressed here is whether this lens carries the potential to produce a similar disruptive impact in a wider research sphere.