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    On the Ratio of Reactive to Active Power in Wave Energy Converter Control


    Said, Hafiz Ahsan, García-Violini, Demián, Faedo, Nicolás and Ringwood, John (2024) On the Ratio of Reactive to Active Power in Wave Energy Converter Control. IEEE Open Journal of Control Systems, 3. pp. 14-31. ISSN 2694-085X

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    Abstract

    Optimal control of wave energy converters (WECs), while converting wave energy into a usable form, such as electricity, may inject (reactive) power into the system at various points in the wave cycle. Though somewhat counter-intuitive, this action usually results in improved overall energy conversion. However, recent experimental results show that, on occasion, reactive power peaks can be significantly in excess of active power levels, leaving device developers with difficult decision in how to rate the power take-off of the system i.e. whether to cater for these high reactive power peaks, or limit power flow to rated (active) levels. The origins of these excessive power peaks are currently poorly understood, creating significant uncertainty in how to deal with them. In this paper, we show that, using both theoretical results and an illustrative simulation case study, under matched controller conditions (impedance-matching optimal condition), for both monochromatic and panchromatic sea-states, that the maximum peak reactive/active power ratio never exceeds unity. However, under mismatched WEC/controller conditions, this peak power ratio can exceed unity, bringing unrealistic demands on the power take-off (PTO) rating. The paper examines the various origins of system/controller mismatch, including modelling error, controller synthesis inaccuracies, and non-ideal PTO behaviour, highlighting the consequences of such errors on reactive power flow levels. This important result points to the need for accurate WEC modeling, while also showing the folly of catering for excessive reactive power peaks.
    Item Type: Article
    Keywords: Optimal control; peak power ratio; reactive power; WEC control; wave energy;
    Academic Unit: Faculty of Science and Engineering > Electronic Engineering
    Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > Centre for Ocean Energy Research
    Item ID: 19410
    Identification Number: 10.1109/OJCSYS.2023.3331193
    Depositing User: Professor John Ringwood
    Date Deposited: 23 Jan 2025 15:44
    Journal or Publication Title: IEEE Open Journal of Control Systems
    Publisher: IEEE
    Refereed: Yes
    Related URLs:
    URI: https://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/id/eprint/19410
    Use Licence: This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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