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    Multi-region investigation of ‘man’ as default in attitudes


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    Phills, Curtis Edward, Miller, Jeremy K., Buchanan, Erin M., Williams, Amanda, Meyers, Chanel, Brown, Elizabeth R., Zickfeld, Janis, Volsa, Selina, Stieger, Stefan, Oberzaucher, Elisabeth, Mlakic, Vinka, Vasilev, Martin, Dalgar, İlker, Çoksan, Sami, Söylemez, Sinem, Solak, Çağlar, Özdoğru, Asil Ali, Çoktok, Belemir, Kung, Chun-Chia, Suavansri, Panita, Manley, Harry, Álvarez-Solas, Sara, Ricaurte, Danilo Zambrano, Ropovik, Ivan, Baník, Gabriel, Babinčák, Peter, Adamkovič, Matúš, Kačmár, Pavol, Hricová, Monika, Bavoľár, Jozef, Li, Lisa, Gao, Fei, Chen, Zhong, Ković, Vanja, Gvozdenović, Vasilije, Arriaga, Patrícia, Filip, Katarzyna, Barzykowski, Krystian, Adamus, Sylwia, Pfuhl, Gerit, Martiny, Sarah E., Klevjer, Kristoffer, Woelfert, Frederike S., Tamnes, Christian K., Kunst, Jonas R., Korbmacher, Max, Singh, Margaret Messiah, Pradhan, Sraddha, Parveen, Noorshama, Parganiha, Arti, Pande, Babita, Kujur, Pratibha, Chandel, Priyanka, Reggev, Niv, Mokady, Aviv, Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta, Schnepper, Roxane, Röer, Jan Philipp, Ripp, Tilli, Pronizius, Ekaterina, Lamm, Claus, Voracek, Martin, Olsen, Jerome, Enachescu, Janina, Batres, Carlota, Storage, Daniel, Levitan, Carmel A., Li, Manyu, Vaughn, Leigh Ann, Chopik, William J., Schmidt, Kathleen, Mallik, Peter R., Lewis, Savannah, Leach, Brynna, Jurosic, Brianna, Moreau, David, Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu Lawrence Gabriel, Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom, Janssen, Steve M. J., Foo, Alicia, Tan, Chrystalle B. Y., Williams, Glenn P., Riis, Danny, Lane, Bethany M., Lynott, Dermot, Evans, Thomas Rhys, Sirota, Miroslav, Holford, Dawn L., Werner, Kaitlyn M., Wang, Kelly, Milyavskaya, Marina, Stephen, Ian D., Ross, Robert M., Roberts, Andrew, Ghasemi, Omid, Steffens, Niklas K., Peters, Kim, Dixson, Barnaby, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Valentova, Jaroslava V., Mafra, Anthonieta Looman, Hsu, Rafael Ming Chi Santos, de Moraes, Yago Luksevicius, da Silva, Luana Oliveira, da Silva, Caio Santos Alves, Helmy, Mai, Balderrama, Mariah, Al-Hoorie, Ali H., McGee, Tyler, Vally, Zahir, Szuts, Attila, Forscher, Patrick, Bernabeu, Pablo, Aczel, Balazs, Szabelska, Anna, Chen, Sau-Chin, Chartier, Christopher R. and Kekecs, Zoltan (2025) Multi-region investigation of ‘man’ as default in attitudes. PLoS ONE, 20 (6). e0323938. ISSN 1932-6203

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    Abstract

    Previous research has studied the extent to which men are the default members of social groups in terms of memory, categorization, and stereotyping, but not attitudes which is critical because of attitudes’ relationship to behavior. Results from our survey ( N > 5000) collected via a globally distributed laboratory network in over 40 regions demonstrated that attitudes toward Black people and politicians had a stronger relationship with attitudes toward the men rather than the women of the group. However, attitudes toward White people had a stronger relationship with attitudes toward White women than White men, whereas attitudes toward East Asian people, police officers, and criminals did not have a stronger relationship with attitudes toward either the men or women of each respective group. Regional agreement with traditional gender roles was explored as a potential moderator. These findings have implications for understanding the unique forms of prejudice women face around the world.
    Item Type: Article
    Keywords: Multi-region investigation; man; default in attitudes;
    Academic Unit: Faculty of Science and Engineering > Psychology
    Item ID: 21369
    Identification Number: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323938
    Depositing User: Dermot Lynott
    Date Deposited: 30 Mar 2026 15:24
    Journal or Publication Title: PLoS ONE
    Publisher: Public Library of Science
    Refereed: Yes
    Related URLs:
    Use Licence: This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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