Ibrahim, John (2026) Quantisation of the Speed of Light in Black Holes: A Non-Perturbative Origin of the Universe and a Perturbative Resolution of the Information Paradox. Results in Physics, 85: 108650. pp. 1-112. ISSN 2211-3797
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Abstract
We develop a quantum-gravity framework in which, within extreme regimes such as black-hole interiors, the fundamental speed of light is promoted to a quantum operator that does not commute with spacetime, thereby inducing a quantised metric whose nonlinear back-reaction prevents the geometry from approaching physical singularities. Within this structure, an internal Hawking-like excitation — the anti-eigen flux — can tunnel outward through quantum-corrected horizons. We apply this framework to cosmology by tracing initial conditions to a primordial black hole whose fields saturate the lower bound of non-perturbative quantisation, enforcing a fundamental asymmetry between the tunnelling probabilities of the anti-eigen flux and standard Hawking radiation. This asymmetry drives the non-perturbative primordial black hole along a negentropic trajectory toward an intrinsically unstable Planck-scale black hole, which inevitably generates a quantum-gravitational jerk (recoil) of 2.175 × 10^61 hawkings — an event we term the Jerk Tremendous — triggering a transition to classical behaviour, decoupling gravitational and quantum dynamics, and yielding an asymptotically free gravitational universe without a cosmological constant problem. In the perturbative regime of black hole quantisation, tunnelling probabilities become symmetric, restoring unitarity and ensuring the conservation of information.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | This is the Author's Extended Manuscript, providing a comprehensive 112-page mathematical derivation accompanying the work published in Results in Physics. It develops a non-perturbative quantum gravity framework in which the speed of light is treated as a quantum operator, introduces the ‘Jerk Tremendous’ mechanism at the origin of the universe, and presents a unitary perturbative resolution of the black hole information paradox. |
| Keywords: | Primordial black holes; Noncommutative geometry; Hawking radiation; Information paradox; Singularities; Matter-antimatter asymmetry; |
| Academic Unit: | Faculty of Science & Engineering > Theoretical Physics |
| Item ID: | 21449 |
| Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.rinp.2026.108650 |
| Depositing User: | John Ibrahim |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Apr 2026 09:41 |
| Journal or Publication Title: | Results in Physics |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Refereed: | Yes |
| Related URLs: | |
| Use Licence: | This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here |
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