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    Formation of mixed-phase Ni x B/Co 3 O 4 /Co(OH) 2 and its application as a pre-catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction


    Collins, Gillian, Sukanya, Ramaraj, Alves, Daniele, Kanagaraj, Thamaraiselvi, Karthik, Raj, Barwa, Tara N., Shim, Jae-Jin and Breslin, Carmel B. (2026) Formation of mixed-phase Ni x B/Co 3 O 4 /Co(OH) 2 and its application as a pre-catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 10 (5). pp. 1348-1360. ISSN 2398-4902

    Abstract

    Herein, a mixed-phase nickel boride/cobalt oxide/cobalt hydroxide, Ni x B/Co 3 O 4 /Co(OH) 2 , composite was formed to give a scalable and non-precious pre-catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. The material was synthesised via a simple chemical reduction method, where amorphous Ni x B particles were deposited onto cobalt oxide rods undergoing partial transformation into Co(OH) 2 sheets. This approach suppresses the agglomeration of Ni x B particles, increasing surface accessibility. The optimised composite (Ni x B/Co 3 O 4 -100 mg/Co(OH) 2 ) achieved a low overpotential of 370 mV at 100 mA cm −2 . It retained 99.2% of its activity after more than 90-h of continuous operation at 100 mA cm −2 for the OER in 1.0 M KOH, indicating excellent stability. Electrochemical impedance analysis revealed a 20-fold increase in the electroactive surface area compared to the bare substrate. XPS analysis following stability testing under OER conditions confirmed a full surface reconstruction, with the loss of boron from the surface and formation of catalytically active NiOOH and CoOOH species, indicating that Ni x B, Co 3 O 4 and Co(OH) 2 act as precursors to the true active phase. This work highlights a practical strategy for designing robust, non-precious OER catalysts through the phase reconstruction of boride/oxide hybrids.
    Item Type: Article
    Keywords: Boron compounds; Catalysts; Cobalt compounds; Cobalt deposits; Nickel oxide; Oxygen; Surface reconstruction;
    Academic Unit: Faculty of Science & Engineering > Chemistry
    Faculty of Science & Engineering > Research Institutes > Human Health Institute
    Item ID: 21835
    Identification Number: 10.1039/d5se01506e
    Depositing User: Dr. Carmel Breslin
    Date Deposited: 07 Sep 2026 13:49
    Journal or Publication Title: Sustainable Energy & Fuels
    Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
    Refereed: Yes
    Related URLs:
    Use Licence: This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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