Boulain, Hélène and Legeai, Fabrice and Guy, Endrick and Morlière, Stéphanie and Douglas, Nadine E. and Oh, Jonghee and Murugan, Marimuthu and Smith, Michael and Jaquiéry, Julie and Peccoud, Jean and White, Frank F. and Carolan, James C. and Simon, Jean-Christophe and Sugio, Akiko (2018) Fast Evolution and Lineage-Specific Gene Family Expansions of Aphid Salivary Effectors Driven by Interactions with Host-Plants. Genome Biology and Evolution, 10 (6). pp. 1554-1572. ISSN 1759-6653

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Abstract

Effector proteins play crucial roles in plant-parasite interactions by suppressing plant defenses and hijacking plant physiological responses to facilitate parasite invasion and propagation. Although effector proteins have been characterized in many microbial plant pathogens, their nature and role in adaptation to host plants are largely unknown in insect herbivores. Aphids rely on salivary effector proteins injected into the host plants to promote phloem sap uptake. Therefore, gaining insight into the repertoire and evolution of aphid effectors is key to unveiling the mechanisms responsible for aphid virulence and host plant specialization. With this aim in mind, we assembled catalogues of putative effectors in the legume specialist aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, using transcriptomics and proteomics approaches. We identified 3,603 candidate effector genes predicted to be expressed in A. pisum salivary glands (SGs), and 740 of which displayed up-regulated expression in SGs in comparison to the alimentary tract. A search for orthologs in 17 arthropod genomes revealed that SG-up-regulated effector candidates of A. pisum are enriched in aphid-specific genes and tend to evolve faster compared with the whole gene set. We also found that a large fraction of proteins detected in the A. pisum saliva belonged to three gene families, of which certain members show evidence consistent with positive selection. Overall, this comprehensive analysis suggests that the large repertoire of effector candidates in A. pisum constitutes a source of novelties promoting plant adaptation to legumes.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Cite as: Hélène Boulain, Fabrice Legeai, Endrick Guy, Stéphanie Morlière, Nadine E Douglas, Jonghee Oh, Marimuthu Murugan, Michael Smith, Julie Jaquiéry, Jean Peccoud, Frank F White, James C Carolan, Jean-Christophe Simon, Akiko Sugio, Fast Evolution and Lineage-Specific Gene Family Expansions of Aphid Salivary Effectors Driven by Interactions with Host-Plants, Genome Biology and Evolution, Volume 10, Issue 6, June 2018, Pages 1554–1572, https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy097� The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. © This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/),which permits noncommercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
Keywords:	Acyrthosiphon pisum; salivary proteins; host adaptation; positive selection; pest evolution; plant defenses;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology
Item ID:	11005
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy097
Depositing User:	James Carolan
Date Deposited:	03 Sep 2019 14:27
Journal or Publication Title:	Genome Biology and Evolution
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	https://academic.oup.com
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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