Waldron, Rose and McGowan, Jamie and Gordon, Natasha and Mitchell, E Bruce and Fitzpatrick, David A. and Doyle, Sean (2019) Characterisation of three novel ß-1,3 glucanases from the medically important house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (airmid). Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 115 (103242). ISSN 0965-1748

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Abstract

The European house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is a major source of airborne allergens worldwide and is found in half of European homes. Interactions between microbes and house dust mites (HDM) are considered important factors that allow them to persist in the home. Laboratory studies indicate the European HDM, D. pteronyssinus is a mycophagous mite, capable of utilising a variety of fungi for nutrients, however specific mycolytic digestive enzymes are unknown. Our previous work identified a number of putative glycosyl hydrolases present in the predicted proteome of D. pteronyssinus airmid and validated the expression of 42 of these. Of note, three GH16 proteins with predicted β-1,3 glucanase activity were found to be consistently present in the mite body and excretome. Here, we performed an extensive bioinformatic, proteomic and biochemical study to characterize three-novel β-1,3 glucanases from this medically important house dust mite. The genes encoding novel β-1,3 glucanases designated Glu1, Glu2 and Glu3 were identified in D. pteronyssinus airmid, each exhibited more than 59% amino acid identity to one another. These enzymes are encoded by Glu genes present in a tri-gene cluster and protein homologs are found in other acari. The patchy phyletic distribution of Glu proteins means their evolutionary history remains elusive, however horizontal gene transfer cannot be completely excluded. Recombinant Glu1 and Glu2 exhibit hydrolytic activity toward laminarin, pachyman and barley glucan. Excreted β-1,3 glucanase activity was increased in response to D. pteronyssinus airmid feeding on baker's yeast. Active β-1,3 glucanases are expressed and excreted in the faeces of D. pteronyssinus airmid indicating they are digestive enzymes capable of breaking down β-1,3 glucans of fungi present in house dust.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	RW is a recipient of an Irish Research Council Enterprise Partnership Scheme Scholar (EPSPG/2014/64). JM is funded by a postgraduate scholarship from the Irish Research Council, Government of Ireland (GOIPG/2016/1112). Mass spectrometry facilities were funded by a Science Foundation Ireland infrastructure award to SD (SFI 12/RI/ 2346(3)). We acknowledge the DJEI/DES/SFI/HEA Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC) for the provision of computational facilities and support. This work was co-funded by airmid healthgroup ltd, Dublin, Ireland.
Keywords:	β-1,3 glucanase; enzyme; house dust mite; yeast; D. pteronyssinus; Quantitative proteomics; phylogenetics;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > Human Health Institute
Item ID:	13485
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103242
Depositing User:	Dr. Sean Doyle
Date Deposited:	04 Nov 2020 15:58
Journal or Publication Title:	Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Publisher:	Elsevier
Refereed:	Yes
Funders:	Irish Research Council (IRC), airmid healthgroup ltd
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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