Bryden, Harry L. and Johns, William E. and King, Brian A. and McCarthy, Gerard and McDonagh, Elaine L. and Moat, Bengamin I. and Smeed, David A. (2020) Reduction in Ocean Heat Transport at 26°N since 2008 Cools the Eastern Subpolar Gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Climate, 33. pp. 1677-1689. ISSN 0894-8755

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Abstract

Northward ocean heat transport at 268N in the Atlantic Ocean has been measured since 2004. The ocean heat transport is large—approximately 1.25 PW, and on interannual time scales it exhibits surprisingly large temporal variability. There has been a long-term reduction in ocean heat transport of 0.17 PW from 1.32 PW before 2009 to 1.15 PW after 2009 (2009–16) on an annual average basis associated with a 2.5-Sv (1 Sv [ 106 m3 s 21 ) drop in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). The reduction in the AMOC has cooled and freshened the upper ocean north of 268N over an area following the offshore edge of the Gulf Stream/North Atlantic Current from the Bahamas to Iceland. Cooling peaks south of Iceland where surface temperatures are as much as 28C cooler in 2016 than they were in 2008. Heat uptake by the atmosphere appears to have been affected particularly along the path of the North Atlantic Current. For the reduction in ocean heat transport, changes in ocean heat content account for about one-quarter of the long-term reduction in ocean heat transport while reduced heat uptake by the atmosphere appears to account for the remainder of the change in ocean heat transport.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Cite as: Bryden, H. L., Johns, W. E., King, B. A., McCarthy, G., McDonagh, E. L., Moat, B. I., & Smeed, D. A. (2020). Reduction in Ocean Heat Transport at 26°N since 2008 Cools the Eastern Subpolar Gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean, Journal of Climate, 33(5), 1677-1689. Retrieved Feb 11, 2021, from https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/33/5/jcli-d-19-0323.1.xml
Keywords:	Energy transport; Meridional overturning circulation; Ocean circulation; Ocean dynamics; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Interannual variability;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Social Sciences > Geography Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Institutes > Irish Climate Analysis and Research Units, ICARUS
Item ID:	13987
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0323.1
Depositing User:	Gerard McCarthy
Date Deposited:	11 Feb 2021 15:34
Journal or Publication Title:	Journal of Climate
Publisher:	American Meteorological Society
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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