Masterson, C. H. and Ceccato, A. and Artigas, A. and dos Santos, C. and Rocco, P. R. and Rolandsson Enes, S. and Weiss, D. J. and McAuley, D. and Matthay, M. A. and English, K. and Curley, G. F. and Laffey, J. G. (2021) Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia: therapeutic potential and challenges. Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, 9 (1). pp. 1-21. ISSN 2197-425X

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Abstract

Severe viral pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, whether due to outbreaks of endemic viruses, periodic viral epidemics, or the rarer but devastating global viral pandemics. While limited anti-viral therapies exist, there is a paucity of direct therapies to directly attenuate viral pneumonia-induced lung injury, and management therefore remains largely supportive. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are receiving considerable attention as a cytotherapeutic for viral pneumonia. Several properties of MSCs position them as a promising therapeutic strategy for viral pneumonia-induced lung injury as demonstrated in pre-clinical studies in relevant models. More recently, early phase clinical studies have demonstrated a reassuring safety profile of these cells. These investigations have taken on an added importance and urgency during the COVID-19 pandemic, with multiple trials in progress across the globe. In parallel with clinical translation, strategies are being investigated to enhance the therapeutic potential of these cells in vivo, with different MSC tissue sources, specific cellular products including cell-free options, and strategies to ‘licence’ or ‘pre-activate’ these cells, all being explored. This review will assess the therapeutic potential of MSC-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia. It will describe the aetiology and epidemiology of severe viral pneumonia, describe current therapeutic approaches, and examine the data suggesting therapeutic potential of MSCs for severe viral pneumonia in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The challenges and opportunities for MSC-based therapies will then be considered.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	Cell therapy; Mesenchymal stem cells; Pneumonia; Coronavirus; Infuenza; Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Sepsis; Critical illness; Pandemic; Acute hypoxic respiratory failure;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > Human Health Institute
Item ID:	16210
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40635-021-00424-5
Depositing User:	Karen English
Date Deposited:	29 Jun 2022 10:14
Journal or Publication Title:	Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Publisher:	SpringerOpen
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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