Cooper, Andrew J. R. and Clegg, Jonah and Cassidy, Féaron C. and Hogan, Andrew E. and McLoughlin, Rachel M. (2022) Human MAIT Cells Respond to Staphylococcus aureus with Enhanced Anti-Bacterial Activity. Microorganisms, 10 (148). pp. 1-19. ISSN 2076-2607

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Abstract

Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells have been shown to play protective roles during infection with diverse pathogens through their propensity for rapid innate-like cytokine production and cytotoxicity. Among the potential applications for MAIT cells is to defend against Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogen of serious clinical significance. However, it is unknown how MAIT cell responses to S. aureus are elicited, nor has it been investigated whether MAIT cell cytotoxicity is mobilized against intracellular S. aureus. In this study, we investigate the capacity of human MAIT cells to respond directly to S. aureus. MAIT cells co-cultured with dendritic cells (DCs) infected with S. aureus rapidly upregulate CD69, express IFNγ and Granzyme B and degranulate. DC secretion of IL-12, but not IL-18, was implicated in this immune response, while TCR binding of MR1 is required to commence cytokine production. MAIT cell cytotoxicity resulted in apoptosis of S. aureus-infected cells, and reduced intracellular persistence of S. aureus. These findings implicate these unconventional T cells in important, rapid anti-S. aureus responses that may be of great relevance to the ongoing development of novel anti-S. aureus treatments.

Item Type:	Article
Keywords:	IFNγ; MAIT cell; Staphylococcus aureus; cell mediated immunity; dendritic cell; vaccines;
Academic Unit:	Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology Faculty of Science and Engineering > Research Institutes > Human Health Institute
Item ID:	18592
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010148
Depositing User:	Andrew Hogan
Date Deposited:	28 May 2024 15:22
Journal or Publication Title:	Microorganisms
Publisher:	MDPI
Refereed:	Yes
URI:	Publisher
Use Licence:	This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here

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