Girling, R.D. and Ennis, D. and Dillon, A.B. and Griffin, Christine (2010) The lethal and sub-lethal consequences of entomopathogenic nematode infestation and exposure for adult pine weevils, Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 104 (3). pp. 195-202. ISSN 0022-2011
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Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) frequently kill their host within 1–2 days, and interest in EPN focuses mainly on their lethality. However, insects may take longer to die, or may fail to die despite being infected, but little is known about the effects of EPN infection on insects, other than death. Here we investigate both lethal and sub-lethal effects of infection by two EPN species, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis downesi, on adults of the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis. Following 12 h nematode–weevil contact in peat, S. carpocapsae killed a significantly higher proportion of weevils (87–93%) than H. downesi (43–57%) at all concentrations tested. Less than 10% of weevils were dead within 2 days, and weevils continued to die for up to 10 days after exposure (LT50 of 3 days or more). In a separate experiment, live weevils dissected 6 days after a 24 h exposure to nematodes on filter paper harbored encapsulated and dead nematodes, showing that weevils could defend themselves against infection. Some live weevils also harbored live nematodes 6 days after they had been removed from the nematode infested medium. Feeding by weevils was not affected by infection with, or exposure to, either species of EPN. We discuss these results in relation to the use of EPN in biological control against H. abietis.
Item Type: | Article |
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Additional Information: | The definitive version of this article is available at doi:10.1016/j.jip.2010.04.003 |
Keywords: | Hylobius abietis; Steinernema carpocapsae; Heterorhabditis downesi; Feeding behavior; Biological control; LT50; LT90; |
Academic Unit: | Faculty of Science and Engineering > Biology |
Item ID: | 4127 |
Depositing User: | Dr. Christine Griffin |
Date Deposited: | 30 Jan 2013 14:28 |
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Invertebrate Pathology |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Refereed: | Yes |
URI: | |
Use Licence: | This item is available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial Share Alike Licence (CC BY-NC-SA). Details of this licence are available here |
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