Energy-maximising controllers for wave energy converters (WECs) typically exaggerate device motion, which can shorten device longevity and increase operational expenses (OpEx) by reducing maintenance intervals and system reliability. This paper proposes a novel health-aware WEC control structure based on control augmentation to achieve a suitable trade-off between energy maximisation and power take-off (PTO) lifetime enhancement, ultimately leading to a lower levelised cost of energy (LCoE). The main advantage of implementing health-aware WEC control through control augmentation is that the proposed health-aware control paradigm exhibits versatility regarding the selection of the nominal (energy-maximising) controller, enabling the selection from a plethora of existing energy-maximising WEC controllers in the literature. Furthermore, two distinct health-aware control augmentation strategies, feedforward and feedback, are proposed, along with analytical derivations of the feasible ranges for their respective augmentation (tuning) parameters. Simulation results demonstrate the versatility of the proposed health-aware control framework when applied with different nominal WEC controllers. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is presented, identifying combinations of augmentation strategies and nominal WEC controllers that yield appealing performance, in terms of lifetime enhancement.