This paper uses the European Working Conditions Survey to investigate how different forms of work organisation, or ‘workplace regimes’, affect the prevalence and distribution of non-permanent employment in 14 EU countries from 2005 to 2015. These regimes include variants of Lean, Learning, Simple and Taylorist forms of work organisation. In particular, the paper investigates the relative effects of workplace regimes and social and institutional factors on permanency of employment; how social and institutional factors are amplified or ameliorated by insecure workplace regimes; and how workplace regimes are characterised by particular internal gender, age and citizenship profiles of employment insecurity. Furthermore, it sheds light on the ways in which workplace regimes shape employment insecurity across worlds of capitalism.